Further maximizing the divisive potential of disinformation, Russia has targeted all sides in political debates. Hanna Smith noted the benefits of countering disinformation with positive, truthful narratives. Wikipedia has become a bulletin board for corporate and imperial interests under the watch of its Randian founder, One of the first comprehensive surveys of Israeli training of US local and federal law enforcement officials.

Although experts debate the degree to which the West has adequately flexed its military muscle to deter and respond to gray zone challenges, there is a general consensus that the United States has under-utilized and under-invested in a range of potentially powerful non-military tools both within and beyond government. A gray zone, according to the Islamic State (ISIS or IS), is a place where Muslims have rejected an “us-versus-them” world of belief and unbelief that puts the caliphate in the right and the “crusader coalition” in the wrong. 3. © 2018 by the Center for Strategic and International Studies. The United States and its allies increasingly face challenges from state actors seeking to erode and undermine a system that has expanded peace and prosperity for 70 years. These private actors matched the social media accounts of the invading forces with known Russian military personnel—apparently with minimal engagement from Western governments.

All rights reserved. Without a dramatic (and tragic) attack against the United States, how far will Congress or the executive branch be willing to alter current structures to respond to the growing gray zone challenge? First, the discussion highlighted the need to identify gray zone actions quickly and respond boldly to minimize their effects. Senior Fellow, International Security Program, Senior Vice President; Henry A. Kissinger Chair; Director, International Security Program, Senior Vice President for Europe, Eurasia, and the Arctic; and Director, Europe Program, Defense Industry, Acquisition, and Innovation, Weapons of Mass Destruction Proliferation, Energy, Climate Change, and Environmental Impacts, Family Planning, Maternal and Child Health, and Immunizations, https://www.csis.org/analysis/kremlin-playbook, https://www.csis.org/analysis/meeting-china-challenge, https://www.cfr.org/interview/iran-supports-hamas-hamas-no-iranian-puppet, http://www.dw.com/en/european-politicians-got-millions-to-lobby-for-pro-russian-government-in-ukraine/a-42721849, https://www.nzherald.co.nz/business/news/article.cfm?c_id=3&objectid=11924169, https://www.echosec.net/found-evidence-russian-fighting-ukraine/, https://news.vice.com/article/russia-denies-that-its-soldiers-are-in-ukraine-but-we-tracked-one-there-using-his-selfies, Download PDF file of “What Works: Countering Gray Zone Coercion".

Consider responses across the full range of tools, within and beyond the government. A related question within the United States is how to develop integrated responses to gray zone challenges in ways consistent with divided statutory authority. One of China’s greatest advantages thus far has been foreign difficulty in understanding the situation, let alone determining an effective response.

Gray-zone Conflict Management Theory, Evidence, and Challenges Dr. DaviD Carment Dani Belo I n this article, we examine the involvement of state and nonstate actors in gray-zone conflict and their relationship to hybrid warfare and the implica - tions for … Michael Singh, Lane-Swig senior fellow and managing director at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy, suggested that current gray zone competition requires actors to also start “looking ahead to the next threat” to understand what tools are needed now and what tools will be needed as threats evolve. There are ways to expand the tools used by the United States and like-minded countries to counter gray zone coercion.