Serum transaminase elevations and other hepatic abnormalities in patients receiving isoniazid. © 2005 - 2019 WebMD LLC. New York, NY: Churchill Livingston 1 Major Potential Hazard, High plausibility. (1973): 1-12, Bartelink AK, Lenders JW, van Herwaarden CL, et al "Fatal hepatitis after treatment with isoniazid and rifampicin in a patient on anticonvulsant therapy." The easiest way to lookup drug information, identify pills, check interactions and set up your own personal medication records. Abstract. Therapies (1976): 181-92, Maddrey WC, Boitnott JK "Isoniazid hepatitis." Geriatrics 37 Eur J Respir Dis 71 A review of the adverse effects of isoniazid (INH) was undertaken and it was found Pyridoxine is of benefit in these disorders. Maddrey WC "Isoniazid-induced liver disease." Reinstitution of the drug should occur only after symptoms and laboratory abnormalities resolve, with low and gradually increasing dosages. Approximately 50% of blacks and caucasians are slow acetylators, and the majority of Eskimos and Asians are rapid acetylators. These respond promptly "Product Information. Applies to: Liver Disease. and seizures from overdosage. rheumatic-like syndromes and various hematologic disorders. Am Rev Respir Dis 128 SIDE EFFECTS. (1983): 419-24, Israel HL, Gottlieb JE, Maddrey WC "Perspective: preventive isoniazid therapy and the liver." (1972): 47-53, Weber WW, Hein DW "Clinical pharmacokinetics of isoniazid." Br Med J 280 Thus, side effects to isoniazid may be somewhat more frequent in people of European or African descent than in people originating from the Western Pacific region. Applies to: Liver Disease, Alcoholism. © 1972 The American College of Chest Physicians. Functional pyridoxine deficiency is the likely mechanism of INH-induced peripheral neuropathy. (1982): 61-8. Side effects of antidepressants may include dry mouth, nausea, drowsiness, dizziness, decreased appetite and constipation. (1980): 1533. Major Potential Hazard, High plausibility. There are 5 disease interactions with isoniazid: Major Potential Hazard, High plausibility. The information is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, drug interactions or adverse effects, nor should it be construed to indicate that use of a particular drug is safe, appropriate or effective for you or anyone else. Senior Fellow, Pulmonary Disease Service, Walter Reed General Hospital, Washington, D.C. Chief, Pulmonary Function Laboratory, Walter Reed General Hospital. Isoniazid commonly causes dose-related peripheral neuropathy, which results from the depletion of pyridoxine in the presence of the drug. Gut 13 (1980): 213-24, Mitchell JR, Zimmerman HJ, Ishak KG, et al "Isoniazid liver injury: clinical spectrum, pathology, and probable pathogenesis." Dosage reductions are recommended in these patients. Am Rev Respir Dis 108 Diphenylhydantoin intoxication, a complication of isoniazid therapy. USPHS Letter, December 17, 1970, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1378/chest.62.1.71. Heart Sounds in Patients with Cardiac Pacemakers, We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads. Peripheral neuropathy is the most common toxic effect. Isoniazid is metabolized primarily by acetylation and dehydrazination in the liver. Select one or more newsletters to continue. Pediatr Clin North Am 30 Nephron 64 Isoniazid is substantially removed by hemodialysis and should be administered after dialysis. However, more recent studies have reported considerably lower rates when CDC guidelines for selection and monitoring of patients were followed. For active tuberculosis it is often used together with rifampicin, pyrazinamide, and either streptomycin or ethambutol. How Long Does Coronavirus Live On Surfaces? INH (isoniazid)." (1973): 1426-8, Boxenbaum HG, Bekersky I, Mattaliano V, Kaplan SA "Plasma and salivary concentrations of isoniazid in man: preliminary findings in two slow acetylator subjects." fever, angiitis and hemolytic anemia. A review of the adverse effects of isoniazid (INH) was undertaken and it was found that these effects could be divided into: (1) toxic, (2) idiosyncratic and (3) hypersensitivity reactions. Drugs.com provides accurate and independent information on more than 24,000 prescription drugs, over-the-counter medicines and natural products. Applies to: Malnourished, Diabetes Mellitus, Alcoholism, Peripheral Neuropathy. Am Rev Respir Dis 140 Minimally clinically significant. Clin Pharmacokinet 4 (1980): 59-65, Bowerson DW, Winterbauer RH, Stewart GL, et al "Isoniazid dosage in patients with renal failure." Nervous System Reactions. N Engl J Med 289 Moderate Potential Hazard, Moderate plausibility. Moderate Potential Hazard, High plausibility. This copyrighted material has been downloaded from a licensed data provider and is not for distribution, except as may be authorized by the applicable terms of use. Semin Liver Dis 1 It may also be used for atypical types of mycobacteria, such as M. avium, M. kansasii, and M. xenopi. (1992): 1298-301, Snider DE, Caras GJ "Isoniazid-associated hepatitis deaths: a review of available information." Major toxic reactions are peripheral neuropathies at conventional dosage