Zar et al, BMJ, 2007, Objectives To investigate the impact of INH prophylaxis on mortality and incidence of tuberculosis in children with HIV. In total, 19 articles representing 15 unique studies were included in the meta-analysis, which determined that 3HP is as safe and effective as other recommended LTBI regimens and achieves substantially higher treatment completion rates. For Child 1 month–11 years. In 2011, CDC recommended use of the 3HP regimen by DOT (1). use of 3HP by directly observed therapy (DOT) or self-administered therapy (SAT) in persons aged ≥2 years; the health care provider should choose the mode of administration (DOT versus SAT) based on local practice, individual patient attributes and preferences, and other considerations, including risk for progression to severe forms of tuberculosis disease. Clin Infect Dis 2015;61:527–35. Questions also can be directed to CDC’s Division of Tuberculosis Elimination by e-mail (cdcinfo@cdc.gov) or by telephoning 800-CDC-INFO (800-232-4636). 727 All HTML versions of MMWR articles are generated from final proofs through an automated process. Additional studies are needed to understand the pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerance of 3HP in children aged <2 years; adherence and safety of 3HP-SAT in persons aged <18 years; and safety of 3HP during pregnancy (4). Any disagreement between reviewers was resolved by consensus of the CDC Work Group members. For Neonate. Use of concomitant LTBI treatment and antiretroviral agents should be guided by clinicians experienced in the management of both conditions (Box 1). Users are referred to the electronic PDF version (https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr) Recently published randomized control trials that were heavily weighted in the meta-analyses and drug interaction studies (5–9) are summarized as follows: Study of 3HP in children. Sterling TR, Scott NA, Miro JM, et al. In 2011, CDC recommended the 3HP regimen for treatment of LTBI in persons with HIV infection, including AIDS, who are otherwise healthy and who are not taking antiretroviral medications (1). Flu-like and other systemic drug reactions among persons receiving weekly rifapentine plus isoniazid or daily isoniazid for treatment of latent tuberculosis infection in the PREVENT Tuberculosis study. Complete results of the systematic review and meta-analysis have been published elsewhere (4). endorsement of these organizations or their programs by CDC or the U.S. Design Two center prospective double blind placebo controlled trial. CDC presented the systematic review results and proposed recommendations to the experts, who provided 1) individual perspectives on the review; 2) experience with implementation of the 3HP regimen in various settings and populations; and 3) individual viewpoints on the proposed updates. ; Task Force on Community Preventive Services. Data on the safety and pharmacokinetics of rifapentine in children aged <2 years are not available. Belknap R, Holland D, Feng PJ, et al. <> Villarino ME, Scott NA, Weis SE, et al. ; Tuberculosis Trials Consortium. Am J Prev Med 2000;18(Suppl):35–43. The FDA-approved dose is 10 to 15 mg/kg/dose (Max: 300 mg/dose) IM once daily or 20 to 40 mg/kg/dose (Max: 900 mg/dose) IM 3 days/week or twice weekly. Department of Health and Human Services. Conservative management and continuation of 3HP under observation can be considered in the presence of mild to moderate adverse events as determined by health care provider. Njie GJ, Morris SB, Woodruff RY, Moro RN, Vernon AA, Borisov AS. Some experts reported that several health departments are currently using 3HP, with high treatment completion, in children as young as age 2 years.