De tekst is beschikbaar onder de licentie. A cambio, mediante el Tratado de 1824, el Imperio neerlandés renunció a reivindicar sus derechos sobre la posesión de Singapur.[4]​. He studied the Batak cannibals of Tapanuli and their rituals and laws regarding the consumption of human flesh, writing in detail about the transgressions that warranted such an act as well as their methods. While in Singapore, Raffles established schools and churches in the native languages. Taking Farquhar’s criticisms as insubordination, Raffles schemed to have Farquhar removed. He also made plans to stand for parliament, but this ambition was never realized. They removed to a London address at Berners Street at the end of November 1824, just in time to have a war of words with Farquhar, who had also arrived in the city, in front of the Court of Directors of the EIC regarding Singapore. Personal tragedies also started for Raffles. Raffles started more reforms that were, by now, almost trademarks of his rule over the colonies. You could also do it yourself at any point in time. Bintan was also under consideration.

[4]​ Tras ser nombrado secretario del gobernador de Pinang (actual Malasia), a los 23 años de edad, emprendió un estudio de los pueblos malayos y el conocimiento adquirido le permitió desempeñar un papel fundamental en 1811, cuando el Reino Unido derrotóa las fuerzas franconeerlandesas tras la invasión de Java. In 1815, he left again for England shortly before the island of Java was returned to control of the Netherlands following the Napoleonic Wars, under the terms of the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814. En 1823, él estableció el primer colegio secundario en Singapur. Although peace returned to Central Java in the immediate aftermath of the British assault, the events may have fuelled the deep-seated instability and hostility to European involvement that ultimately gave rise to the Java War of the 1820s. As a result, the man most responsible for making Singapore into a commercial success was dismissed from his job and forcibly retired to Scotland, never to hold another post. However, the strategic importance of poorly maintained but well-positioned British possessions such as Penang or Bencoolen made it impossible for the British to abandon such unprofitable colonies in such proximity to the Dutch in Java. The British, led by Colonel Gillespie, stormed the fort and captured it within three hours. In the words of one contemporary, Raffles was “the man who sets a house on fire and then runs away.”. Entretanto fue ordenado caballero en 1816. Because of his anti-slavery position, he was refused burial inside the local parish church (St. Mary's, Hendon) by the vicar, Theodor Williams, whose family had made its money in Jamaica in the slave trade. These allegations were simply untrue. He took his residence at Buitenzorg and despite having a small subset of Britons as his senior staff, he kept many of the Dutch civil servants in the governmental structure.

Raffles' request for Travers to deliver dispatches to India nullified the issue late in the year, and Farquhar remained in charge of Singapore. He was appointed assistant secretary to the new Governor of Penang in 1805 and married Olivia Mariamne Devenish, a widow who was formerly married to Jacob Cassivelaun Fancourt, an assistant surgeon in Madras who had died in 1800. The event was unprecedented in Javanese history. Our learning experiences are designed to suit your personal or career circumstances. Hard to argue against this thesis since Raffles was only in Singapore for no more than 31 days in 1819. There is no easy answer to this question. To start, we’re told that it was Farquhar who built Singapore into a successful city-state, not Raffles. Farquhar was officially named the Resident of Singapore and Raffles was named as "Agent to the Most Noble the Governor-General with the States of Rhio (Riau), Lingin and Johor". Upon arrival in England in poor health, Sir Stamford and Lady Raffles convalesced in Cheltenham until September 1824, after which he entertained distinguished guests in both London and his home. No evidence was found to support Raffles’ claim of chao keng. Despite numerous threats and serious considerations by the Dutch Governor-General in Java, they did not take any military action. He was knighted in 1816. He left soon after the flag-raising and left Farquhar holding his baby.

His longest tenure in Singapore was only eight months, but he was considered the founder of Singapore nevertheless. His British contemporaries in Java were disgusted and many refused to seize women on his behalf.